One Health Pastoral Innitiative - OHPI

In a world where the rapidly growing population demands ever-increasing agricultural production, the importance of veterinary services has never been more crucial. For the well-being of both animals and humans, as well as for the sustainability of agricultural practices, training veterinarians is urgently needed. However, the current reality is stark: there is only one veterinary professional for every 16,000 animals, with most of these professionals concentrated in big cities. This leaves rural areas underserved and negatively impacts livestock production. Government regulations in Cameroon have further complicated the situation, restricting veterinary practice to certain levels of staff. Veterinary pharmacies, for example, can only be run by veterinary doctors, and drugs must only be dispensed by veterinary doctors, nurses, or technicians. This does not meet the demand for veterinary services. In response to these challenges, the One Health Pastoral Initiative (OHPI) has stepped in, advocating for improved veterinary education. In 2007, the University of Ngaoundere was the only institution offering veterinary training programs in Cameroon. However, the landscape has changed, with five other state universities—Yaounde I, Buea, Dschang, Douala, and Bamenda—now offering veterinary programs. These institutions provide various programs, from technician courses to full veterinary degrees. Additionally, zootechnical training schools and private institutions train veterinary technicians and animal specialists. The focus of veterinary practice has also evolved, shifting from traditional treatment and care of individual animals to mass therapies, disease eradication plans, and the development of slaughterhouses as epidemiological observatories. To promote veterinary education in Cameroon, OHPI recommends aligning with global trends while addressing local societal needs, political expectations, and environmental changes. This includes global accreditation initiatives for the profession, developing strong postgraduate veterinary research programs, and establishing regional centers of competence in postgraduate training recognized by regional and international organizations. By implementing these recommendations, Cameroon can strengthen its veterinary education system, ultimately improving animal and human health in the country.

In the picturesque village of Oku, nestled in Cameroon’s North West region, a quiet revolution is taking place. The One Health Pastoral Initiative (OHPI) is encouraging pastoralists to adopt bee farming as a complementary livelihood, focusing on honey production. This lucrative business practice holds significant potential for the region. Bee farming is not only a sustainable activity but also a vital contributor to biodiversity and ecological balance. Healthy bee populations are essential for maintaining ecosystem health, and experts have recognized the importance of bee farming in this regard. To support pastoralists in adopting this practice, OHPI provides comprehensive training programs covering essential topics such as bee biology, honey extraction, and pest control. The initiative also facilitates access to necessary equipment, larger markets, and greater profits, ensuring the sustainability of bee farming practices. Despite its numerous benefits, bee farming is not without challenges. Pastoralists may encounter health conditions, pests, and diseases that can impact their bee populations. To mitigate these risks, it is essential for pastoralists to stay informed about best practices for hive management and pest control. Cameroon boasts several major honey-producing areas, including the Adamawa savannah forest plateau, North West, West mountain agricultural zones, and the South West highlands. Other regions like the East, North, and Extreme North are also considered mild producers of honey. By promoting bee farming, OHPI aims to support pastoralists in improving their economic well-being while contributing to environmental conservation. This initiative highlights the potential for sustainable livelihoods that benefit both the community and the environment.

In the grasslands of Cameroon, cattle blindness had become a pervasive issue, threatening the health of herds and the economic stability of pastoral communities. Research carried out by the One Health Pastoral Initiative (OHPI) attributed this phenomenon to poor pasture quality, nutritional deficiencies, and disease spread. To combat this issue, OHPI recognized the importance of collaboration between veterinary services and community leaders. A pasture improvement initiative was launched to enhance both land and cattle health. Experts assessed degraded areas, implemented sustainable grazing practices, and introduced indigenous drought-resistant grass species to improve soil quality and cattle nutrition. Workshops and training campaigns educated farmers on proper pasture management and animal health. Regular health check-ups and vaccinations addressed emerging diseases, preventing severe health issues, including blindness. Within a year, local farmers reported a significant decrease in cattle blindness. Communities also witnessed a revival in agricultural activities, with robust pastures and healthier herds. Farmers experienced increased milk production and beef yield, generating more food and income for households. OHPI’s efforts also promoted community cohesion, as farmers collaborated and shared knowledge, leading to stronger bonds and collective commitments. This initiative demonstrated the intricate link between pasture health and animal welfare, showcasing the positive impact of targeted interventions on both the community and their livelihoods.